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OBJECTIVE@#To provide information about the effectiveness and safety of Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection (GD) as one adjuvant therapy for treating angina pectoris (AP) and to evaluate the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with meta-analysis.@*METHODS@#RCTs concerning AP treated by GD were searched in China Biology Medicine Disc (SinoMed), PubMed, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), the Chinese Scientifific Journals Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, from inception to February, 2017. The Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool was adopted to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs. The Review Manager 5.3 software was utilized to conduct the meta-analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 41 RCTs involving 4,462 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that the combined use of GD and Western medicine (WM) against AP was associated with a higher total effective rate [risk ratio (RR)=1.25, 95% confifidence interval (CI): 1.21-1.29, P<0.01], total effective rate of electrocardiogram (RR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.21-1.36, P<0.01). Additional, GD combined with WM could decrease the level of plasma viscosity [mean difference (MD)=-0.56, 95% CI:-0,81 to-0.30, P<0.01], fifibrinogen [MD=-1.02, 95% CI:-1.50 to-0.54, P<0.01], whole blood low shear viscosity [MD=-2.27, 95% CI:-3.04 to-1.49, P<0.01], and whole blood high shear viscosity (MD=-0.90, 95% CI: 1.37 to-0.44, P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Comparing with receiving WM only, the combine use of GD and WM was associated with a better curative effect for patients with AP. Nevertheless, limited by the methodological quality of included RCTs more large-sample, multi-center RCTs were needed to confifirm our fifindings and provide further evidence for the clinical utility of GD.
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Humans , Angina Pectoris , Drug Therapy , Blood Viscosity , Dipyridamole , Drug Combinations , Injections , Plant Extracts , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Western WorldABSTRACT
The leaves and fruits of Ginkgo biloba L.are embodied in Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China,mainly contain ginkgo flavonoids,terpene lactones,phenolic acids,isopentenyl alcohol,steroids and other chemical compositions.The extract and active ingredients can be made into tablets,capsules,granules,oral liquid,injection,dripping pills,syrup,tincture and other formulations,clinically used for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease treatment.The adverse reactions are allergies,diarrhea,bleeding,liver and kidney toxicity.This review contains the chemical composition,dosage form and clinical adverse reactions of Ginkgo biloba in recent years,for providing a reference of further development and rational utilization of this plant resource.
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Objective To discuss the efficacy of Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection and Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride Injection in treatment of acute myocardial infarction.Methods 60 cases of acute myocardial infarction were randomly divided into two groups.They were treated with routine treatment.The observation group (30 cases) was treated with Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection on the basis of routine treatment.The control group (30 cases) was treated with Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride Injection on the basis of routine treatment.The efficacy of Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection and Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride Injection in treatment of acute myocardial infarction was evaluated by the efficacy,hemorheology before and after treatment,adverse reaction during treatment.Results The effective rate of observation group was 86.7％.The effective rate of control group was 90.0％.There was no statistical significance on effective rate between two groups.Before treatment,there were no statistical significance on blood viscosity,hematocrit,platelet aggregation rate between two groups.After treatment,the blood viscosity,hematocrit,platelet aggregation rate were decreased in two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The observation group ofhematocrit and platelet aggregation rate was lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).But the blood viscosity of two groups had no significant difference.According to the cost and the efficiency of single drug treatment,calculate the cost/effect ratio,the Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection of cost/effect ratio was significantly less than that of Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride Injection (P ＜ 0.05).During treatment,there was no statistical significance on adverse reaction rate between two groups.Conclusion Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection and Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride Injection had a therapeutic effect on acute myocardial infarction with high safety.The Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection could inhibit the platelet aggregation,reduce the hematocrit with low cost/effect value.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and general rule of ADR induced by Ginkgo leaf extract and dipyri-damole injection,and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:UsingGinkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole injectionADRas subject,the journal articles were retrieved from CJFD during Jan. 1st,2005-Jun. 28th,2016,and then ana-lyzed statistically in respects of gender,age,primary disease,allergic disease,drug use,occurrence time of ADR,organs/systems involved and clinical manifestations. RESULTS:A total of 14 valid articles had been collected,involving 727 patients in total. Meanwhile,female was more than male(57.63% vs. 42.37%)and most of them aged more than 50 years;primary diseases were mainly thromboembolic disease and coronary heart disease;most of ADR happened within 30 min after medication (268 cases, 36.86%). Organs/systems involved in ADR were mainly nervous system (254 cases,28.60%),followed by skin and its appen-dants(228 cases,25.68%),digestive system(187 cases,21.06%);severe ADR could cause anaphylactic shock. There were 18 cases of new severe ADR (2.48%);all ADR cases were recovered,and no death occurred. CONCLUSIONS:It is suggested to strictly control indications,differential diagnosis and treatment,rational drug use,close monitoring through the whole process, maintain a high level of awareness to ADR.
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OBJECTIVE:To compare pharmacoeconomic and effect of Xueshuantong for injection and Ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole injection in the treatment of ischemic stroke. METHODS:Retrospective study was conducted. Totally 404 inpatients with ischemic stroke were divided into Xueshuantong group(271 cases)and ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole group(133 cas-es) according to clinical treatment programs. Based on the conventional treatment,patients in 2 groups were given Xueshuantong for injection and ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole injection,respectively. The average treatment course was 10 d. Cost-minimi-zation analysis was performed with the determination index of total effective rate. RESULTS:The total effective rates in Xueshuan-tong group and ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole group were 90.77% and 88.72%,respectively,the difference was not statisti-cally significant(P>0.05). The costs in 2 groups were 12 860.21 yuan and 13 155.40 yuan,respectively,and xueshuantong group had lower than ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamde group. CONCLUSIONS:Both Xueshuantong for injection and Ginkgo leaf ex-tract and dipyridamole injection are effective in the treatment of ischemic stroke. However,the economy of Xueshuantong for injec-tion is superior to the other one.
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Obiective To study the characteristics and the correlation factors of ADR induced by Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection on the purpose of providing reference for clinical rational administration.Methods All ADR cases that induced by Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection reported between January 2006 and August 2009 were retrieved and statistically analyzed.Results Of all 24 ADR patients induced by Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection,the female patients were more than the male,and the senile patients had highest incidence 41.67%.Most ADR events happened within 30min(70.83%).ADR mainly manifested as adverse reactions of skin and appendants(33.33%),followed by central nervous system adverse reaction.Conclusion Great importance should be attached to ADR induced by Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection.Medication monitoring should be enhanced to avoid occurrence of ADR clinically.